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Climbing Mt. Kilimanjaro Climbing Kilimanjaro, a comprehensive guide to climbing Mount Kilimanjaro by Expert mountaineers. Mt Kilimanjaro: 005.00 degrees south, 036 degrees east, 5895m. Crowned by an eternal snowcap, Mt. Kilimanjaro is situated inside the Kilimanjaro National Park in Tanzania; it is the highest mountain in Africa and the tallest freestanding mountain on earth. This guide aims to provide the potential Kilimanjaro climber with valuable and accurate information on climbing Kilimanjaro

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Mt Kenya Overview
Mount Kenya is not just a single peak; it is a massif consisting of a multitude spires, cliffs, complex ridges and peaks. These are the weathered remnants of a large extinct volcano that was active several million years ago. Mount Kenya straddles the equator but is high enough to receive significant snowfall and to support several glaciers.

The main summits are the twins Batian and Nelion, and these can only be reached by means of technical climbing via a variety of rock or ice routes. The third highest peak, Point Lenana, is a popular destination for trekking parties. Point John and some of the other subsidiary peaks also offer good rock climbing routes.

Mount Kenya is located in central Kenya, just south of the equator, around 150 km (95 miles) north-northeast of Nairobi. The area around the mountain is protected in the Mount Kenya National Park, which is a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site. The National Park is around 620 km² (240 square miles), and receives up to 15,000 visitors every year.

The Naro Moru Route
The Naro Moru route is the fastest and therefore also the most popular route onto the mountain, being used by many of the tour and outfitting companies guiding clients up to Point Lenana.
The Naro Moru route’s steepness and direct approach to the peak makes it more challenging to acclimatize on than others, however our 5 day itinerary offers plenty of time for a safe and successful ascent/descent. The Naro Moru route also features the legendary "Vertical Bog", a steep quagmire of wet moorland that is extremely taxing and unpleasant after rains. The final climb up to the Austrian Hut tackles a long, loose and uncompromising scree slope up the side of the Teleki Valley.

* MORE DETAILS >>

The Chogoria Route
The Chogoria route is said to be the most scenic and interesting of the three main routes on the mountain. The route passes the enchanting Hall Tarns and looks down sheer cliffs into the spectacular Gorges Valley and onto the beautiful Lake Michaelson. This route leads from Chogoria town up to the peaks circuit. The 32 km (20 miles) from the forest gate to the park gate are often done by vehicle, but it is also possible to walk. There is much wildlife in the forest, with safari ant columns crossing the track, monkeys in the trees, and the potential for seeing elephant, buffalo and leopard. The road is not in good condition, and requires careful driving and walking. Near the park gate the bamboo zone starts, with grasses growing to 12 m high (40 ft).

Once in the park the track passes through rosewood forests, with lichens hanging from the branches. At one point the path splits, with the smaller track leading to a path up the nearby Mugi Hill and across to Lake Ellis. The Temple is a large overhanging buttress overlooking Lake Michaelson, close to Hall Tarns. Near the trailhead a small bridge crosses the Nithi stream. Following the stream downriver a few hundred metres (yards) leads to The Gates Waterfall. The path heads up a ridge above the Gorges Valley, with views to the peaks, Lake Michaelson, The Temple, and across the valley to Delamere and Macmillan Peaks. Hall Tarns are situated right on the path and above The Temple, which is a 300 m (1,000 ft) cliff above Lake Michaelson. As the path carries on it crosses the flat head of the Nithi River and then the slope becomes steeper. The path splits, heading west to Simba Col, and south west to Square Tarn. These are both on the Peak Circuit Route.

* MORE DETAILS >>

The Sirimon Route
The Sirimon route is the least used of the three main routes, but features the most gradual ascent profile and best acclimatization options.
The route passes through impressive Yellowwood forests in the lower reaches and features abundant wildlife and beautiful alpine scenery higher up. This route starts 15 km (9 miles) east around the Mount Kenya Ring Road from Nanyuki. The gate is 10 km (6 miles) further along the track, and it can be walked or driven by two-wheel drives.

The track climbs up through the forest. On the north side of the mountain there is a no bamboo zone, so the forest gradually turns into moorland covered with giant heather. The track ends at Old Moses Hut and becomes a path. This continues up the hill before splitting into two routes. To the left, the least used path goes around the side of the Barrow, to Liki North Hut. The vegetation becomes sparser, with giant lobelia and groundsels dotted around. The path climbs over a ridge, before rejoining the main path ascending the Mackinder Valley. Shipton's Cave can be found in the rock wall to the left of the steep path just before reaching Shipton's Camp. From Shipton's Camp, it is possible to ascend the ridge directly in front of the camp to the site of Kami Hut, which no longer exists, or follow the river up to Lower Simba Tarn and eventually to Simba Col. These are both on the Peak Circuit Path.

* MORE DETAILS >>

History of Mount Kenya
The mountain is an extinct (dead) volcano standing alone, which last erupted between 2.6 and 3.1 million years ago. Its slopes include several different biomes; the lowest parts are dry upland forest, changing to montane forest of juniper and podocarpus at about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft), with a belt of bamboo at 2,500 m (about 8,000 ft) that changes to an upper forest of smaller trees covered with moss and "goat's beard" lichen. Above a distinct timberline at about 3,500 m (11,500 ft), there is an afroalpine zone, with its characteristic giant rosette plants. Twelve small (and rapidly shrinking) glaciers may be found scattered among the complex of peaks, of which Batian and Nelion are the highest.

The missionary Johann Ludwig Krapf was the first European to report a sighting of Mount Kenya, in 1849. The first recorded ascent of Mount Kenya was made by Halford John Mackinder, Cesar Ollier and Josef Brocherel on 13 September 1899. The highest point (Batian) is a technical climb; the classic Diamond Couloir climbing route is a Grade IV of about 20 pitches, up to YDS 5.9 in difficulty. Nelion was first climbed by Eric Shipton in 1929, and Shipton and Bill Tilman completed the traverse of the ridge between the two highest peaks. Point Lenana, at 4,985 m (16,355 ft), can be reached by a hiking trail. Mount Kenya is best climbed in January or February on the south side and August or September on the north side.

Mount Kenya is home to one of the Global Atmosphere Watch's atmospheric monitoring stations.
 

Mount Kenya Exploration

 European discovery

Mount Kenya was the second of the three highest peaks in Africa to be discovered by Europeans explorers. The first European to see it was Dr Johann Ludwig Krapf, a German missionary, from Kitui, a town 160 km (100 miles) away from the mountain. The discovery was made on 3 December 1849, a year after the discovery of Kilimanjaro.

Dr Krapf was told by people of the Embu tribe that lived around the mountain that they did not ascend high on the mountain because of the intense cold and the white matter that rolled down the mountains with a loud noise. This led him to infer that glaciers existed on the mountain. The Kikuyu confirmed these happenings.
Count Samuel Teleki was the first European to set foot on Mount Kenya. His expedition reached 4,350 m (14,270 ft).
Count Samuel Teleki was the first European to set foot on Mount Kenya. His expedition reached 4,350 m (14,270 ft).

Dr Krapf also noted that the rivers flowing from Mt Kenya, and other mountains in the area, were continuously flowing. This was very different from the other rivers in the area, which swelled up in the wet season and completely dried up after the rainy season had ended. As the streams flowed even in the driest seasons he concluded that there must be a source of water up on the mountain, in the form of glaciers. He believed the mountain to be the source of the White Nile.

In 1851 Krapf returned to Kitui. He travelled 40 miles closer to the mountain, but did not see it again. In 1877 Hildebrandt was in the Kitui area and heard stories about the mountain, but also did not see it. Since there were no confirmations to back up Krapf's claim people began to be suspicious.

Eventually, in 1883, Joseph Thomson passed close by the west side of the mountain and confirmed Krapf's claim. He diverted his expedition and reached 2743 m (9,000 ft) up the slopes of the mountain but had to retreat because of trouble with local people. However, the first true European exploration of the mountain was achieved in 1887 by Count Samuel Teleki and Ludwig von Höhnel. He managed to reach 4350 m (14,270 ft) on the south western slopes. On this expedition they believed they had found the crater of a volcano.

In 1892, Teleki and von Höhnel returned to the eastern side, but were unable to get through the forest.

Finally, in 1893, an expedition managed to ascend Mount Kenya as far as the glaciers. This expedition was travelling from the coast to Lake Baringo in the Rift Valley, and was led by Dr John W Gregory, a British geologist. They managed to ascend the mountain to around 4730 m (15,520 ft), and spent several hours on the Lewis Glacier with their guide. On his return to Britain, Gregory published papers and a narrative account of his achievements.

George Kolb, a German physician, made expeditions in 1894 and 1896 and was the first to reach the moorlands on the east side of the mountain. However, far more exploration was achieved after 1899 when the railway was completed as far as the site of Nairobi. Access to the mountain was far easier from here than from Mombasa on the coast.

Mackinder's Expedition
Sir Halford John Mackinder
On 28 July 1899, Sir Halford John Mackinder set out from the site of Nairobi on an expedition to Mt Kenya. The members of the expedition consisted of 6 Europeans, 66 Swahilis, 2 tall Maasai guides and 96 Kikuyu (Gĩkũyũ). The Europeans were Campbell B. Hausberg, second in command and photographer, Douglas Saunders, botanist, C F Camburn, taxidermist, Cesar Ollier, guide, and Josef Brocherel, guide and porter.
Halford Mackinder, Cesar Ollier and Josef Brocherel made the first ascent of Batian on the 13th of September 1899. The photo shows Mackinder and Ollier.
Halford Mackinder, Cesar Ollier and Josef Brocherel made the first ascent of Batian on the 13th of September 1899. The photo shows Mackinder and Ollier.

The expedition made it as far as the mountain, but encountered many difficulties on the way. The country they passed through was full of plague and famine. Many Kikuyu porters tried to desert with women from the villages, others stole from the villages which made the chiefs very hostile towards the expedition. When they reached the base camp on 18 August, they couldn't find any food, had two of their party killed by the local people, and eventually had to send Saunders to Naivasha to get help from Captain Gorges, the Government Officer there.

Mackinder pushed on up the mountain, and established a camp at 3142 m (10,310 ft)[18] in the Höhnel Valley. He made his first attempt on the summit on 30 August with Ollier and Brocherel up the south east face, but they had to retreat when they were within 100 m (yds) of the summit of Nelion due to nightfall.

On 5 September, Hausberg, Ollier and Brocherel made a circuit of the main peaks looking for an easier route to the summit. They could not find one. On 11 September Ollier and Brocherel made an ascent of the Darwin Glacier, but were forced to retreat due to a blizzard.

When Saunders returned from Naivasha with the relief party, Mackinder had another attempt at the summit with Ollier and Brocherel. They traversed the Lewis Glacier and climbed the south east face of Nelion. They spent the night near the gendarme, and traversed the snowfield at the head of the Darwin Glacier at dawn before cutting steps up the Diamond Glacier. They reached the summit of Batian at noon on 13th September, and descended by the same route.

1900-1930
Shipton and Russell made the first ascent of Pt John up the south-east gully in 1929
Shipton and Russell made the first ascent of Pt John up the south-east gully in 1929

After the first ascent of Mt Kenya there were fewer expeditions there for a while. The majority of the exploration until after the First World War was by settlers in Kenya, who were not on scientific expeditions. A Church of Scotland mission was set up in Chogoria, and several Scottish missionaries ascended to the peaks, including Rev Dr J W Arthur, G Dennis and A R Barlow. There were other ascents, but none succeeded in summiting Batian or Nelion.

New approach routes were cleared through the forest, which made access to the peaks area far easier. In 1920, Arthur and Sir Fowell Buxton tried to cut a route in from the south, and other routes came in from Nanyuki in the north, but the most commonly used was the route from the Chogoria mission in the east, built by Ernest Carr. Carr is also credited with building Urumandi and Top Huts.

On 6 January 1929 the first ascent of Nelion was made by Percy Wyn-Harris and Eric Shipton. They climbed the Normal Route, then descended to the Gate of Mists before ascending Batian. On the 8 January they reascended, this time with G A Sommerfelt, and in December Shipton made another ascent with R E G Russell. They also made the first ascent of Point John. During this year the Mountain Club of East Africa was formed.

At the end of July 1930, Shipton and Bill Tilman made the first traverse of the peaks. They ascended by the West Ridge of Batian, traversed the Gate of Mists to Nelion, and descended the Normal Route. During this trip, Shipton and Tilman made first ascents of several other peaks, including Point Peter, Point Dutton, Midget Peak, Point Pigott and either Terere or Sendeyo.

1931 to Present Day
In the early 1930s there were several visits to the moorlands around Mt Kenya, with fewer as far as the peaks. Raymond Hook and Humphrey Slade ascended to map the mountain, and stocked several of the streams with trout. By 1938 there had been several more ascents of Nelion. In February Miss C Carol and Mtu Muthara became the first woman and African respectively to ascend Nelion, in an expedition with Noel Symington, author of The Night Climbers of Cambridge, and on 5 March Miss Una Cameron became the first woman to ascent Batian.

During the Second World War there was another drop in ascents of the mountain. Perhaps the most notable of this period is that of three Italian Prisoners of War, who were being held in Nanyuki, and escaped to climb the mountain before returning to the camp and "escaping" back in. No Picnic on Mount Kenya tells the story of the prisoners' exploit.

In 1949 the Mountain Club of Kenya split from the Mountain Club of East Africa, and the area above 3,400 m (11,150 ft) was designated a National Park. A road was built from Naro Moru to the moorlands allowing easier access.

Many new routes were climbed on Batian and Nelion in the next three decades, and in October 1959 the Mountain Club of Kenya produced their first guide to Mount Kenya and Kilimanjaro.[19] In the early 1970s the Mount Kenya National Park Mountain Rescue Team was formed, and by the end of the 1970s all major routes on the peaks had been climbed.[19]

In 1997 Mount Kenya was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Local Culture
The main tribes living around Mount Kenya are Gĩkũyũ, Meru, Embu and Maasai. They all see the mountain as an important aspect of their cultures.

Gĩkũyũ
Several tribes that live around Mount Kenya believe the mountain to be sacred. For this reason they used to build their houses facing the mountain, with the doors on the side nearest to it.
Several tribes that live around Mount Kenya believe the mountain to be sacred. For this reason they used to build their houses facing the mountain, with the doors on the side nearest to it.

The Gĩkũyũ live on the southern and western sides of the mountain. They are agriculturalists, and make use of the highly fertile volcanic soil on the lower slopes. The Gĩkũyũ people believed that their God, Ngai lived on Mount Kenya. It is the place where Gĩkũyũ, the father of the tribe, used to meet with their God, Ngai. They used to build their houses with the doors facing the mountain. The Gĩkũyũ name for Mount Kenya is 'Kĩrĩ Nyaga' (Kirinyaga), which literally translates to 'has ostriches'. The mountain looks like an ostrich; black body and white tip (tail feathers). God's name in Kikuyu is also 'Mwene Nyaga' meaning 'owner of the ostriches'.

Embu
The Embu people believe that Mount Kenya is the home of their God, Ngai. The mountain is sacred, and they build their houses with the doors facing towards it. The Embu name for Mount Kenya is Kirenia, which means mountain of whiteness.


Ameru
The Ameru occupy the East and North of the Mountain. They are generally agricultural and also keep livestock. They occupy among the most fertile land in Kenya. The Meru names for the Mt. Kenya are Kirimara (That which has white stuff or snow). Some Meru songs refer to 'Kirimara no makengi'(The mountain is all speckles.)
 
Main Peaks of Mount Kenya
Batian on the left, Nelion on the right, and Slade in the foreground
Batian on the left, Nelion on the right, and Slade in the foreground
Krapf Rognon (4.800 m) and Krapf glacier
Krapf Rognon (4.800 m) and Krapf glacier

* Batian (5199 m - 17,058 ft)
* Nelion (5188 m - 17,022 ft)
* Pt Lenana (4985 m - 16,355 ft)
* Coryndon Peak (4960 m - 16,273 ft)
* Pt Pigott (4957 m - 16,266 ft)
* Pt Thompson (4955 m - 15,466 ft)
* Pt Dutton (4885 m - 16,027 ft)
* Pt John (4883 m - 16,016 ft)
* Pt Melhuish (4880 m - 16,010 ft)
* Pt John Minor (4875 m - 15,990 ft)
* Krapf Rognon (4800 m - 15,740 ft)[19]
* Pt Peter (4757 m - 15,607 ft)
* Pt Slade (4750 m - 15,580 ft)
* Terere (4714 m - 15,462 ft)
* Sendeyo (4704 m - 15,433 ft)
* Midget Peak (4700 m - 15,420 ft)
* The Hat (4639 m - 15,220 ft)
* Delamere Peak
* Macmillan Peak

Glaciers on Mount Kenya

The Lewis glacier is the largest on Mount Kenya
The glaciers on Mount Kenya are retreating rapidly. The Mountain Club of Kenya in Nairobi has photographs showing the mountain when it was first climbed in 1899, and again more recently, and the retreat of the glaciers is very evident.[25] Descriptions of ascents of several of the peaks advise on the use of crampons, but now there is no ice to be found. There is no new snow to be found, even on the Lewis Glacier (the largest of them) in winter, so no new ice will be formed. It is predicted to be less than 30 years before there is no more ice on Mount Kenya.[23]

The area of glaciers on the mountain was measured in the 1980s, and recorded as about 0.7 km² (0.25 square miles).[26] This is far smaller than the first observations, made in the 1890s.


Water streams starting around Mount Kenya
Mount Kenya is the main water catchment area for two large rivers in Kenya; the Tana River, the largest river in Kenya, and the Ewaso Ng'iro North.[6] The Mount Kenya ecosystem provides water directly for over 2 million people.[6] The streams that start on Mount Kenya are:

* the Sirimon
* the Liki
* the Nanyuki
* Mutonga
* Kithino
* the Nazita
* Thingithu
* the Nitmi
* the Tnuchi
* Kathita
* the Nyamindi
* the Sagana
* Nairobi River
* the Naro Moru
* the Burguret

Ecology of Mount Kenya
The flora and fauna of Mount Kenya is very diverse, due to the differences in altitude, rainfall, aspect and temperature. The mountain slopes are often split up into zones, with each zone having different dominant plant species. Most plants on Mount Kenya do not have common English names. Wet weather on the mountain comes from the Indian Ocean, to the east and south-east. Consequently these slopes are wettest.

Lowlands surrounding the mountain
The area surrounding the mountain is around 1000 m (3,250 ft) in height. It is very hot and dry, and mainly covered with grasslands and thorny scrub.

Cultivated zone
The lower slopes of Mount Kenya are very fertile and the area is heavily cultivated
The lower slopes of Mount Kenya are very fertile and the area is heavily cultivated

The lower slopes of the mountain have a huge potential for cultivation. The soils are moist and very fertile due to volcanic activity. The slopes below 1,800 m (5,900 ft) are intensively farmed, producing tea, coffee, beans, maize, bananas, potatoes and vegetables. A few large scale farms have been set up, where wheat and barley are grown. Livestock are also kept in less productive areas, particularly cows for their milk.

The crops grown around the mountain differ, as the amount of rainfall between the northern and southern slopes is very different. The southern slopes are much wetter, so are ideal for growing tea and coffee, whereas the northern slopes are too dry for these crops. A system of irrigation has been developed which has increased productivity. However, as so many people in Kenya are dependent on the rainfall on the mountain, this is reducing the amount of water that gets to more distant areas and causing drought there.

Between 1,800 and 2,500 m (5,900-8,200 ft) there is sub-montane forest, which is exploited by the local people. There are many forest based industries, such as sawmills, furniture and construction, based around these slopes.[6]
 
Climbing Mount Kenya Climbing and Trekking Mt.Kenya to peaks Lenana,Nelion and Batian- Mt kenya climbing 2012 or Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa Safari and Mount Kenya, trekking, walking, hiking,and climbing  
Mount Kenya Climbing - Hiking - Trekking Mt Kenya Safari
Climbing Mount Kenya Climbing and Trekking Mt.Kenya to peaks Lenana,Nelion and Batian- Mt kenya climbing
Mount Kenya Treks - The Summit via Sirimon Route
 
Mount Kenya Climbing Routes
Sirimon down Sirimon   A more gradual trek to the summit, traversing areas of rich forest cover before emerging into the sprawling moorlands. This hike is usually rated as the easiest among the short trips and is quite popular with persons attempting to reach an altitude exceeding 4000m for the first time. It is a good choice for large trekking groups as it follows the same trail up and down, making it convenient for those who are unable to reach the summit to stay behind at lower camps to wait for the rest of the group to complete the trip then descend together. Unless preferred, camping is not necessary as accommodation is available in a lodge and mountain huts throughout the trip.

Mt Kenya Climb Sirimon down Chogoria Route On this Mount Kenya climbing experience, you ascend via the dry and little used Sirimon Trail and descend on the scenic Chogoria Trail. You reach point Lenana (4985 m), the highest point accessible to walkers, and return to base. Mount Kenya is Africa's second highest mountain. Above the habitable altitude, you find a rainforest zone, abundant with many tree species and wildlife too. Further up is open moorland, and beyond is the snow line where vegetation is sparse. Finding snow on the equator was a great surprise for the first Europeans to get to East Africa.

Mount kenya Climbing Sirimon route down Narumoru  The Naro Moru route is the fastest and therefore also the most popular route onto the mountain, being used by many of the tour and outfitting companies guiding clients up to Point Lenana.

Mount Kenya is Africa’s second highest mountain. It offers easy or challenging ascents with superb scenic beauty. Mount Kenya is the country’s highest mountain. Sitting astride the equator its icy summit reaches to 5199m (17,058 ft). All of the mountain above the 3200m contour forms a national park. In fact the mountain consists of three principal zones; the rocky peak area, actually an eroded volcanic plug, with its mantle of glaciers and snowfields.

Part of the mountain’s fascination is the variation in flora and fauna as the altitude changes. The lower slopes are covered with dry upland forest, the true montane forest begins at 2,000 m. and is mainly cedar and podo. At 2,500 m. begins a dense belt of of bamboo forest which merges into the upper forest of smaller trees, interspersed with glades. In this area the trees are festooned with high altitude moss.

These forest belts are host to many different animals and plants with at least 11 unique species. Game to view includes: Black and White Colobus and Sykes monkeys, bushbuck, buffalo, elephant and, lower down, Olive Baboon, waterbuck, black rhino, black fronted duiker, leopard, giant forest hog, genet cat, bush pig and hyena. More elusive is the bongo, a rare type of forest antelope.

A number of other rare or endangered species can be found here: Sunni Buck, Mt Kenya Mole Shrew, skinks (lizard), and a variety of owls. Occasional sightings have been recorded of albino zebra.

The high altitude heath at the top (3,000 - 3,500 m.) is generally open, dotted with shrubs: African Sage, protea and helicrysum. The peak (above 3,500 m.) is moorland, with little game other than high altitude zebra and eland common in the northern moorland.

It is no wonder that this remote majestic wonderland was considered as God’s domain by awed farmers at its foothills. Many rivers flow from the perpetual snows, among them the mighty Tana, Kenya’s largest and longest river and source of much of Kenya’s electricity supply. Most visitors are content to marvel at the mountain’s beauty but some will want to attempt to reach the peaks; a feat requiring considerable rock climbing skill. But the mountain’s lesser peaks and glaciers can be scaled and walked by the fit and the adventurous. Point Lenana, 4985m, can be easily reached. In fact the majority of visitors go to the mountain to enjoy the walking and especially the high level hut-to-hut hike round the mountain with its humbling vistas.

Wildlife within the forests below the park boundary includes elephant, buffalo, lion, several species of antelope including the rare bongo and occasionally the melanistic forms of both the leopard and the serval. Much of this wildlife can be seen from the safety of Mountain Lodge which lies just inside the forest on the south side of the mountain. The best months are January and February and late August through September.

Itinerary


A more gradual trek to the summit, traversing areas of rich forest cover before emerging into the sprawling moorlands. This hike is usually rated as the easiest among the short trips and is quite popular with persons attempting to reach an altitude exceeding 4000m for the first time. It is a good choice for large trekking groups as it follows the same trail up and down, making it convenient for those who are unable to reach the summit to stay behind at lower camps to wait for the rest of the group to complete the trip then descend together. Unless preferred, camping is not necessary as accommodation is available in a lodge and mountain huts throughout the trip.

Day 1:
Morning transfer from Nairobi, arriving at Mountain Rock Lodge for lunch. In the afternoon is a nature walk (3-4 hours) through the forest to the MauMau caves, the former hideouts for Kenya's pre-independence guerrilla fighters who fought against the British colonial masters. The escort naturalist guide for the trek talks about their history and the flora and fauna of the forest. Dinner and overnight at Mountain Rock Lodge.

Day 2:
Depart at 1000hrs to be transferred to Sirimon Park gate. >From here, hike through montane forest, bamboo and rosewood up to the Old Moses Hut, gaining an elevation range of 700m in 3-4 hours. Dinner and Overnight at Old Moses Hut (3300m)

Day 3:
Leaving early, we traverse the expansive moorlands carpeted with tussock grasses and dotted with the unique Giant lobelia and Senecio plants, crossing streams and valleys. Today' trek is largely through the Mackinder Valley, with good views of the main peaks and a brief stopover for picnic lunch. Total walking time is approx. 7 hours gaining 900m in altitude. Dinner and Overnight at Shipton's Hut (4200m)

Day 4:
Pre-dawn attempt of the summit starts at 0300hrs, taking 3-4 hours to reach Pt. Lenana 4985m (the hikers summit) in time to watch the sunrise. On a clear day you can see the snow capped summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro miles away to the south. Descend back to Shipton's camp for breakfast. The a further descent to Sirimon Park gate, pick up and transfer back to Mountain Rock Lodge for dinner and overnight.

Day 5:
Morning at leisure. Chance for horse riding, nature walks, sport fishing, boating etc. Lunch then return to Nairobi.

What you need to know:
You carry only a small bag with your personal effects while your back pack, sleeping bags, clothes, food and kitchen gear are carried by porters. The group is guided by an experienced Mt. Kenya guide. Nights are spent in huts on the mountain and in small tents with foam mattresses in the foothills. Besides your normal effects, you are advised to bring a medium sized back pack, sleeping bag, warm clothes, good hiking shoes, nylon rain suit, a pair of sunglasses and sun block.

What is included:
Transport from Nairobi to your hotel and park gate, hotel on your first and last night, all food starting with evening meal on the first day and ending with breakfast on the last day, services of a mountain guide and porters, all hut fees, camping equipment, acclimatization tour to the equator.

Mt Kenya Climbing Kit List

This list covers equipment and clothing recommended for a Mt Kenya trek and safari. Your main bags will be carried by vehicles or porters. At all times you will only be walking with day-packs.

Day-pack -
large enough to carry spare clothes, waterproofs, camera, lunch, drink, etc. Your main bag should be a large kit bag or ideally a rucksack which is easier for porters to carry. This should weigh less than 16 kg for the Mt Kenya section. A light kit-bag is useful for storing any gear not needed on the mountain section.

Sleeping bag:
A good 4 season bag. Temperatures can be minus 10 C high on Mt Kenya. A quality liner is useful for extra warmth, upgrading a 3 season to a 4 season bag. Full length zip useful for ventilation on warmer nights.

Sleeping mat:
e.g. Karrimat or Thermarest non-slip.
Water bottle: 1 litre, (1.5 litre if you need to drink a lot) Purifying tablets or iodine - juice drink powders to disguise the taste.
Torch: Spare bulbs, batteries. Head torch useful but not essential. Small spare torch.
Walking pole/s: Highly recommended by some, awkward for others - try one out first.
Camera: Plenty of film. Spare camera batteries and cleaning kit, dust proof camera bag.

The following list of clothing is provided as a guideline only. But your clothing should allow you the flexibility to cope with the range of weather conditions you may encounter on this trip.

Clothing:
underwear, light cotton/polycotton for general wear, and insulating next-to-skin ("thermal") vest and long johns for the cold or wet days on the trek. Socks suitable for walking and general wear. T-shirts, long sleeved shirt, sweatshirt, trousers/skirt for general wear. Walking shirt. Warm pullover/jersey, warm fleece or down jacket. Walking trousers, skirt or breeches. Walking shorts. Track suit (for evenings in camp, and as an extra layer when cold). Thick jacket (fleece, fibre-pile, or pile and pertex mix). Waterproof and windproof jacket/cagoule and over trousers. Walking boots - well broken in. Thickish soled training shoes or light walking boots. Sandals/flip-flops. Gaiters for keeping out stones, seeds, scratches etc. Sunglasses, sun hat, (packable/collapsible), warm hat/balaclava, warm gloves, scarf, neckerchief, swimming costume.

Other kit:
Towel, toilet kit, spare specs, personal first aid kit (e.g.sticking plasters, lint, antiseptic cream, aspirins/paracetamol, antihistamine, malaria pills and any special personal medication). Sun cream, insect repellent, lip salve, wet wipes, sewing kit. Binoculars for bird/animal spotting, plant, bird and wildlife guides. A wristwatch with an alarm function is useful for early starts. Use strong plastic bags inside your rucksack to keep out rain and dust.

Documents:
Passport, passport photocopy (main page only), travellers cheques, insurance certificate, etc all in a secure money belt/pouch. Wallet for day to day use. Diary, notebook.

If you have spare items of clothing, boots, or kit you don’t use anymore, and some unused baggage allowance, please bring them specifically to give to our local members of staff (porters, guides, etc.) - they will be greatly appreciated. People often overlook this item only to regret it when they’re out in Africa and realise how useful their things would have been to the locals.

ABOUT MOUNT KENYA


To the ancient Kikuyu and the Kamba tribesmen the peaks of mount Kenya viewed from a distance resembled the black and white plumage of the male ostrich.

These black and white patches on the mountain are actually the rocks and the glaciers that form the peak area. It was from this resemblance that the kikuyu named the mountain “kirinyaga”, which translated means, the area of the Ostrich, similarly it was from this same comparison that they named their god “Mwene Nyaga”, implying that their god who to them stayed at the top on Mt Kenya, was the owner of the Ostrich they imagined to be on the top.

The Kikuyu believe, “Mwene Nyaga” whom they also called “Ngai” lived on top of Kirinyiga (Mt. Kenya). The Kikuyu held Mt. Kenya as a sacred place, which they faced when praying, or offering sacrifices to “Mwene Nyaga” (God).

The Kamba people have a slightly different accent and pronounce “Kirinyaga “ as “Kinyaa”. Being the first people to encounter the inquisitive European explores when they sighted the majestic mountain, the European used the Kamba version to name the mountain, and Mt.Kenya.The country was later named after the mountain.

Mount Kenya is the highest mountain. The twin summits Batian and Nelion require technical climbing on rock or ice, while mountain hikers reach Point Lenana, the third highest peak standing at 4985m, quite easily.

The valleys and ridges radiate out from the main peaks, a pattern that has resulted from many centuries of glacial erosion. Over the years discoverers have surveyed the most ideal and passable areas on these ridges and valleys and came up with different routes to connect to the summit circuit (the trail that circles all the major peaks on the mountain).

FLORA AND FAUNA


The flora and fauna has adapted to the environmental conditions of the equatorial mountain. The high rainfall and mild temperatures characteristics of the lower slopes of the mountain sustain luxurious growth of the forest. Similary plants of higher elevation are and alpine zone adapted to exist under the harsh climatic regime of the upper slopes.

The vegetation of mount Kenya divides the mountain into distinctive zones or belts, which are similar from all directions of the mountain, but vary in extent depending with the amount of annual rainfall experienced in a particular area.

THE ZONES & BELTS OF THE MOUNTAIN.


FORESTS: Between approximately 2100 – 2400 metres

BAMBO: Between approximately 2400- 2850 metres

HYGENIA – HYPERICUM ZONE:
Also known as the Rosewood Zone which is a high altitude rain forest between approximately 2850 – 3000 metres.

HEATH ZONE:
Also known as Ericaceous zone with giant heaths or bushes and tussock grass from above 3000 – 3300 metres.

THE ALPINE ZONE:
Between about 3300 – 4350 metres is the home of many unique high altitude plants such as protea, helichrysums, ostrich plum lobelia the giant lobelia, senecios, groundsel and the very the expansive fields of tussock grass which is the main cover of the Alpine Zone.

THENIVAL ZONE:
Above 4350 metres to the top of the mountain, the Zone of rock and ice, vegetation is only present in the most sheltered situations and for the most part, the slopes are of bare gravel and scree from which the glaciers have only recently retreated.


FAUNA

FOREST, BAMBOO AND HAGENEA – HYPERICUM ZONES BETWEEN 2100 – 3000 METRES.


This zone hosts a rich fauna. Among the larger animals to be found are the cape buffaloes, bushbucks and the elephants. The black rhinoceros is very rare and it is very restricted to the North – Western sections of the mountain. Smaller animals include the attractive sykes monkeys, the black and white Columbus Monkey, the black-faced vervet, the black tipped or slender mongoose and few diurnal mongooses can be seen during the day. Other animals include defassa waterbuck and the Burch ells zebras seen in the lower part of the forest of the Sirimon track. Leopards are sometimes spotted on the Sirimon and Naro moru tracks. Birds are also plentiful. Among the larger birds of prey, the following can be seen: the white-backed vultures, the crowned hawk, eagle, the crested eagle, the mountain buzzard and augur buzzard with its beautiful red tail. Some of the great birds of prey include: the great sparrow hawk and the African goshawk.

The sunbird can be seen hovering around the flowers.

HEATH AND ALPINE ZONES
between 3000 – 4350 metres

The most notable animals seen on this zone are: the spotted hyena, large spotted genet, black tipped mongoose and porcupine. In the upper forest zone into the moorland is the black backed jackals and hunting dogs. Elephants, buffaloes, rhino and eland seem to migrate up the mountain into the Alpine zone where leopards are permanent residents in the Alpine valleys.

THE VARIOUS ROUTES TO CLIMB MT.KENYA


All the routes to Mtkenya are aimed at connecting the SUMMIT CIRCUIT ROUTE. There are three mainly commonly used routes namely: The Sirimon, Naro moru, and The Chogoria route.

SIRIMON ROUTE

This route provides the easiest and most scenic access to the Northern side of the central peaks, which include BATIAN, NELION and LENANA. The track is 15 km from Nanyuki town heading towards Meru. This routes has a lot of advantages that makes it more favorable and comfortable.

It lies on the northwestern side of Mt. Kenya, and generally escapes some rainfall, making it drier than other routes most time of the year.

There are two permanent camps, the Old Moses at 3300 m and Shipton’s camp 4200 m (overlooking the main peaks)

From the Mackinder valley, where the Shipton camp stands, you have the panoramic view of all the main peaks including Terere and Sendeyo two ancient parasitic vents of the main peaks.

Water is plentiful and you can always refill your bottles

You also have a chance to cross the Equator both at Nanyuki and on your to Old Moses Camp.

CHOGORIA ROUTE.

This route provides access to the peaks, from the eastern side of the mountain. The route begins from chogoria town; about 96km from Embu and64km from Meru.It is regarded as being the most beautiful route to the mountain. Ernest Carr, who made a vehicle track to the moorland, opened it in 1920s. It is however, a much longer route, compared to the others.

Camping is possible at the road head and water is available from a stream that passes by. Mintos Hut (4300m) is an excellently sited hut on the plateau overlooking Lake Michaelson 300m below. Spectacular views can be sighted at the Nithi George, by walking ten minutes south-east of the Mintos hut to the edge of the “Temple.” From Hall Tarn the trail continues to the Austria Hut (4790m) via square Tarn and the Tooth Col, then round the head of the Hobley Valley. Alternatively Shipton’s Camp (4200m) may be reached (3 hours), via Simba Col. Drop down towards lower Simba Tarn and turn left to Shipton’s Camp.

BURGURET ROUTE


The route starts from Mountain Rock Hotel, and goes through the forest past Gathiuru Forest Station to an indistinct road head at the end of the plantation area – 2500m. The trail continues from here to elephant camp 2600m. The trail cuts through tropical rainforest till it gets to the more open Hagenia –Hypericum Zone 2860m and eventually to the Heath Zone from where you can now clearly see the peaks. Further on after the castle there is a good campsite ‘kampi ya farasi’ on which we pitch up our tents for the night.

From ‘kampi ya farasi’, the trail swings left and climbs steeply out of the valley. The ridge bears right again, and a walk over rocky ground brings you round the hill. The trail then swings to the left via the Hausberg Col and Oblong Tarn to Mackinder’s valley and descends down to Shipton’s Camp (4200m).

NARO MORU ROUTE


This route to the Teleki Valley and is the shortest way to the peaks. It is the most densely populated with hikers owing to the fact that is the shortest way up, and most obvious trail. A steep marshy section known as the Vertical bog, is reached one hour from Met Station, this section is terrible and is covered in two hours. After three to four hours from Met Station the path reaches the crest of the ridge overlooking Teleki Valley (4000m)

The path contours along the right hand side of the Teleki Valley, keeping high and then gradually descending to pass Naro Moru stream to Mackinder’s Camp (4200m). From Met Station to Mackinder’s camp is app 5-6 hours of hiking. The Austrian hut can be reached in a further 4 hours walk and another 45 min you see point Lenana (4985m)

SUMMIT CIRCUIT OF THE MAIN PEAKS – ANTI-CLOCKWISE


Beginning from Shipton’s Camp you ascend directly to Kami Hut, follow the sandy scree to Hausberg Col and drop steeply to Oblong and Hausberg Tarn for a short rest.

After your rest the path leads straight on between the two tarn’s to reach the foot of a scree slope that climbs steeply up a to reach a col with Nanyuki tarn as its base.

The path trends left and downwards from the col passing below Arthurs seat, trends to reach Nanyuki Tarn, passes to the left of the tarn, to climb a short rocky section, then cross a small col to reach Hut Tarn, turning right to reach Two Tarn Hut (4490m)

From here the path continues along the right side of the tarn, climbs a bolder to reach a scree overlooking Teleki Valley then drops through a steep scree slope to reach Mackinder camp (4200m).

From Mackinder’s trend northwards to meet a path coming from American Camp, the path to Austrian Hut can be seen snaking up the large scree slope on the opposite side of the valley, follow this clearly cairned path around the head of a valley. Cross a boulder scree and a large buttress, trend steeply upwards to reach Tooth Col, from this col it is possible to see down into Georges Valley and Hall Tarns.

The path then drops down to square Tarn, continues to follow cairns trending left and down towards Simba Tarn, drop steeply down towards the lower Simba Tarn the cut across the to the shiptons camp. Hiking time to complete the circuit is eleven hours. It is advisable to split the trip into two by spending a night a t the Mackinder’s camp on the Teleki Valley (4200m).

SUMMIT CIRCUIT OF THE PEAKS CLOCKWISE.


From Shipton’s camp 4200m-aim cast, around the left side of a rocky bluff 100m, to meet the path to lower Simba Tarn. From the south-eastern end of the Tarn ain south0east and trend leftwards to skirt around a rocky buttress on its left side then aim straight up towards Simba col.

From Simba col, drop a short scree slope, which is passed on its side, and continue to trend right and gradually upwards across boulders to cross another ridge and drop to square tarn.

A zig-zag path can be seen climbing the scree-slope directly towards the summit of point Lenana. Follow this path to reach Harris Tarn pass to the right across steep rocky ground, maintain height where possible to reach point Lenana on the right.

From point lenana drop down, trending left via Lewis Glaciers to Austrian hut. Trend down towards the head of Teleki Valley. The path is clear as it drops down the scree, to reach level vegetation ground at the head of the valley. Keep trending right to reach the American camp, from this camp the path climbs steeply up the right side of a scree slope. At the top of this ridge is Hut Tarn and Two Tarn, aim now northwards out from the shoulder of point pigott. Follow the path on the left down to Nanyuki tarn then below and to the left of the cliffs of the Eastern terminal.

Drop slightly, across wide rock ledges, then trend up and left round the base of the cliffs of Arthurs seat to reach the col between Arthurs seat and the Western terminal.

From the col, Hausberg tarn and Oblong Tarn are visible at the head of Hausberg Valley. Drop down the scree to the valley and across easy ground to pass the tarns.

The path is zigzag up a sandy scree to reach Hausberg Col. From this point the head of the Mackinder valley can be seen, descend directly down the steep scree to Shipton’s camp. Hiking time to complete this circuit in a day is 11 hours. Spending a night at the Mackider’s Camp on the Teleki Valley can split the trip.

Prices for- Mount Kenya Treks

The Naro Moru route is the fastest and therefore also the most popular route onto the mountain, being used by many of the tour and outfitting companies guiding clients up to Point Lenana.

The Naro Moru route's steepness and direct approach to the peak makes it more challenging to acclimatize on than others, however our 5 day itinerary offers plenty of time for a safe and successful ascent/descent.

The Naro Moru route also features the legendary "Vertical Bog", a steep quagmire of wet moorland that is extremely taxing and unpleasant after rains.

The final climb up to the Austrian Hut tackles a long, loose and uncompromising scree slope up the side of the Teleki Valley.

A more gradual trek to the summit, traversing areas of rich forest cover before emerging into the sprawling moorlands. This hike is usually rated as the easiest among the short trips and is quite popular with persons
attempting to reach an altitude exceeding 4000m for the first time. It is a good choice for large trekking groups as it follows the same trail up and down, making it convenient for those who are unable to reach the summit to stay behind at lower camps to wait for the rest of the group to complete the trip then descend together. Unless preferred, camping is not necessary as accommodation is available in a lodge and mountain huts throughout the trip.

There are three main routes, which penetrate the forest and the moorland. The routes are Naromoru, Sirimon and Chogoria and each of which has something different to offer. Naromoru is the fastest route to point Lenana but not as scenic as the other two.


Mount Kenya Climb (Narumoru Route)

Day 1: Nairobi/Meteorological Station 3-4 hrs, 10km, 400m ascent

Transfer to Naromoru Park Gate for registration and where the hike starts, 2600m From the gate, keep to the park track, which follows the crest of a board ridge between the Northern and Southern Naromoru valleys. The going is easy and it’s a pleasant walking through the forest. About two thirds of the way up after the bridge there are good views to the left north down into the Northern Naromoru valley. The trek ends at Met station 3,000m where dinner and overnight rest will be, B, L, D

Day 2: Met Station/Mackinders Camp 5-6 hrs, 10km, 1200m ascent

Head uphill on the track to pass the radio must on your right after about half an hour. The trek runs into a path and after another 30 minutes, you will reach the end of the forest belt and enter the moorland. This is the vertical bog conditions range from damp to glutinous depending on when it last rained. Continue through until the going improves and you reach a fork overlooking Teleki Valley to reach Mackinders Camp, 4,200m. Dinner and overnight at Mackinders Camp, B, L, D

Day 3: Mackinders Camp/Point Lenana/Met Station 8-10 hrs, 11km, 785m ascent

The normal approach is to start at 2 am in order to reach point Lenana taking about 4 hr walk by sunrise at 6:30am. After sunrise, descend down to Mackinders Camp for breakfast, 2hrs and walk further 4hrs, way back to Met Station for dinner and overnight, B, L, D

Day 4: Met Station/Naromoru/Nairobi 3hrs, 9km, 400m

After breakfast, descend through the rainforest which is 9km to Naromoru Park Gate at 2,600m where you will connect with your transport back to Nairobi, B, L


Included in the price:
* Guarantee price/guarantee trek on confirmation
* Transfer to and from the base of the mountain
* Full board accommodation whilst on the trek. Meal plan as detailed: B=Breakfast, L=Lunch and D=Dinner
* Accommodations in camps/huts as per the itinerary
* All park entrance fees to include government taxes
* Service of an English speaking professional guide, porters and skilled cook
* Start and finish Nairobi
* Treated water on the trek

Excluded:

* Laundry, sleeping bags, beverages/Drinks, accommodation before the trek and climbing gears
* International flights
* Visas to Kenya
* Items of personal nature
* Any other extras not detailed in the above itinerary

 

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Tanzania Luxury Safari HolidayMain Attractions
A Tanzania wildlife safari is the wildlife enthusiasts ultimate destination. A number of parks throughout Tanzania offer a host of wildlife highlights. The Big Five of Serengeti National Park is a must, the stunning Ngorongoro Crater is breathtaking, the wilds of Lake Manyara take you back in time and the forested peaks of Mahale Mountains National Park and Serengeti, Gombe Reserve offer the perfect backdrop to track chimpanzees along the shores of Lake Tanganyika, Ruaha, Selous...

Tanzania Safaris / Lodge / Camping book with us for cheap prices

Tanzania Luxury Beach HolidayTanzania and Zanzibar Honeymoon Trip
Safari in Tanzania then relax in Zanzibar. This twin centre safari and beach honeymoon is for those honeymooners that want something more unique..
We offer a wide range of different types of honeymoons to Africa and the Indian Oceans. To read more about our honeymoon destinations click Safari & Beach Honeymoon Holidays

Tanzania offers some of the best wildlife safaris in Africa. Whether visiting the Big Five of Serengeti National Park, the jaw dropping Ngorongoro Crater, the wilderness of the Selous Game Reserve or the amiable chimpanzees of Mahale and Gombe you will not be disappointed. Tanzania offers the best parks to see big cats and the big five and can be combined with some pristine beaches off the coastline where you can relax at the end of your safari...

Accommodation
A range of safari accommodation is available in Tanzania. Western style luxury lodges and luxury tented camps are available for the wildlife enthusiast. Some of the best lodges include Migration Camp, Ngorongoro Crater Lodge, Migration Camp, Klein's Camp, Nomad's Greytoke, Nomad's Serengeti Safari Camp and Tarangire Treetops..

Safaris
Please find below a selection of sample itineraries with approximate costs for wildlife and migration safaris to Tanzania. Some of these itineraries may also be combined with gorilla safaris to both Rwanda and/or Uganda. These are by no means all of the itineraries that we offer however they will give you a taster of what is available...For further itineraries or enquiries please do not hesitate to fill in our contact form and we will get back to you with a detailed quote and itinerary at the earliest possible convenience.
Tanzania Safaris

A Tanzania Safari with Mount Kilimanjaro Climbing provides you with the ultimate Tanzanian holiday. Experience Tanzania's rich diversity of culture and wildlife. Whether you decide upon: a luxury lodge safari to Ngorongoro Crater, a camping adventure safari in Serengeti, Lake Manyara walking tour, Tarangire Selous, Mikumi, Ruaha, Arusha, climbing Tanzania's Mount Kilimanjaro, relaxing on superb Zanzibar Beaches, Wedding honeymoon holiday in Africa, Family Holiday vacation Tanzania or a hot air balloon Serengeti Safari, you will have an unforgettable experience. Safari Trips hotel bookings kenya Road Safari Africa tour budget safari beach family holiday packages kenya Ngorongoro Tanzania migration tours Uganda gorilla trekking organizations luxury holiday bookings to Africa holidays in east Africa Kenya walking safari masai mara safari Kenya Tanzania wildlife migration tour Africa adventure tour safari Serengeti Kenya walking safari holidays travel Africa safari budget Tanzania camping safari Tanzania Serengeti adventure trips Kenya Tanzania Zanzibar African wildlife safari Trips Samburu Kenya holiday budget safari family Kenya incentive travel Tanzania Africa wildlife safari tours Kenya/Tanzania combined safari Kenya safari package family Africa tour group Kenya over landing safari Tanzania Africa mount kenia budget group tours of east Africa

We Safaris specializes in:

* Private, Tailor-made Tanzania Safaris, designed to suit your budget
* Breathtaking Natural History including the Wildebeest Serengeti Migration
* Safaris to the Selous Game Reserve and off the beaten track safaris.
* Trekking, mountain climbs and wilderness budget camping adventure
* Tanzania Bird watching Safaris
* Tanzania Photographic Safari
* Tanzania Cultural Safaris

For more adventurous travel, leave the tourist trail and select a private Tanzania safari in the unspoilt Southern Circuit (including the vast wilderness of the Selous Game Reserve). Alternatively, Wild Things Tanzania Safaris provides the challenge of trekking safari in the Udzungwa Mountains, Ngorongoro Highlands or Kilombero Valley. Thrill seekers may prefer to climb Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania's only active volcano or take a sunrise balloon safari across the Serengeti.

Kenya Safaris in the best National Park / Game Reserve

Mount Kilimanjaro Climbing Safaris is one of Kenya's finest tours, safaris and travel companies, specializing in short excursions, extended safaris, specialist and tailor-made travel and safaris, car hire, hotel and safari lodge bookings and much much more...

We cover the whole of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda with our centrally based headquarters in Nairobi - Kenya.

African Safari Holiday

An African or Kenya safari is an amazing travel experience. The diverse wildlife and stunning scenery make Kenya and East Africa the perfect safari locations.

As local, African safari operators, we offer you the best holidays with quality,
value for money and personal service.

We also customize our safaris and offer options, such as adventure travel, luxury tours and beach holidays. See our Kenyan and East Africa safari list below, as well as our Tanzania safari and Zanzibar holidays.

African Safari Selection
See below full Kenya Safari list
Kenya wildlife safaris

Masai Mara Safari
A 3 day safari lodge to Masai Mara, one of the most famous national parks in the world, with an abundance of wildlife. Accommodation in luxury lodges which have facilites such as swimming pools. The  Kenya Safaris: can be combined with an African beach vacation if you will be interested to see the beautiful white sand beaches in Mombasa, Lamu, Malindi, Watamu or the Tanzania Island - Zanzibar

Africa Offers
Africa is an immensely rewarding place to travel to, thanks to unspoilt natural surroundings, such as the wildlife and vegetation, and the spectacular landscapes When on safari, you may see everything from snow capped mountains to forests and
white tropical beaches, all in a day's travel- it's that diverse. Finally the local cultures add to your holiday like no where else in the world.

Safari in Africa
Safaris began in Kenya and Tanzania and these are the best destinations for a safari. A Kenya safari offers amazing diversity and superb wildlife viewing. Rift Valley, is a good location too, known as for the scenery and rich wildlife in natural surroundings.

A safari in Africa is in some ways like an expedition - exciting and adventurous, but requiring careful thought and planning , which is what we, as locally based tour operators, are there for.. however you must plan for a leisurely pace of travel to truly enjoy your tour - so whether you have 3 days or 30, make sure you do not plan for too much in your travel.

Most of your safari will be in the " bush ", but this does not mean your travel will involve "roughing it" - you can have all the luxury you want ! Africa is home to many internationally reputed hotels and lodges luxury tented camps, with well appointed rooms, excellent cuisine and deluxe facilities such as bars and swimming pools. You can also fly between most places during your luxury safari.

Africa Safari Planner : See our safari planning guide, to help with the basics of designing your trip, be it Kenya travel ,a Tanzania safari , beach vacation in Mombasa or Zanzibar or an Uganda Gorilla Trek adventure holiday.

3 Days Masai Mara Lodge/ Camping Safari
Masai Mara, Kenya
This famous wildlife park is a top safari location, and one of the natural wonders
of the world, being the site of the annual wildebeest migration..

3 Days Amboseli Lodge/ Camping Safari or Tsavo Safari to Mombasa
Amboseli National Park, one of Kenya's oldest park, is located near the Kenya and
Tanzania border, "in the shadow" of Africa's highest mountain, the snow capped Kilimanjaro.

The park is known for its wildlife, especially it's prolific elephant population.  Amboseli also hosts the big cats, herbivores and numerous bird species including
flamingo and a variety of plains game.

Samburu Reserve, established in 1985, is an arid, hilly region with riverine forests, doum palms, acacia woodland and scrubland, offering a dramatic and rugged landscape in a rather remote location of Kenya - which is precisely the attraction of this reserve - fewer tourists in a wildlife rich, desert like setting amidst a colourful local tribe.

4 Days Kenya Bird watching - Wildlife Safari - Lake Nakuru - Maasai Mara
6 Day  Samburu - Sweetwaters - Aberdares - Lake Naivasha
7 Days Discover Kenya Safari - Amboseli - Lake Nakuru - Maasai Mara
8 Days Kenya Safari to Amboseli - Aberdares - Lake Nakuru - Maasai Mara
9 Days Kenya Safari with Beach Extension - Lake Nakuru-Maasai Mara-Mombasa
10 Days Kenya Classic Safari-Amboseli-Mt Kenya- Samburu - Lake Nakuru - Maasai Mara
11 Days Magical Kenya-Amboseli-Aberdares-Samburu-Mt Kenya-Lake Nakuru-Maasai Mara
12 / 14 / 16 /17 / 21 Days Best of Kenya & Tanzania Safari Expedition

African Safari offers you a chance to experience a natural world unchanged by the
passage of time. The Kenya Safari wilderness is home to an endless array of
ecosystems, the staging ground for natural cycles of life, death and regeneration
as old as the planet itself.

This great range of natural habitats means that there is plenty to explore, and
plenty of species to encounter during your Africa vacation. This is a land of
endless potential for the wildlife African Safari Tour enthusiast.

On a Serengeti Safari, Tanzania Safari, Kenya Holiday, African Adventure, Kenya
Vacation, Kenya Tour you will enjoy a variety of amazing African landscapes and
some of the best game viewing possible.
Our seasoned African safari professionals will help you plan the perfect Africa
Safari, Kenya Safari, Tanzania Safari, African Adventure, Africa Vacation, Kenya
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Call us today to help make your Africa Safari dream escape happen.

Guides
At Mount Kilimanjaro Trekking / Climbing Safaris we use local guides whenever possible. We believe that local guides have that extra bit of knowledge which can make a good safari into a great safari. Through using local guides / porters we also adhere to our responsible travel policy in contributing to the local economy through tourism.

 

Africa Safari Destinations
Climb Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania Africa
Climb Mount Kilimanjaro: Join us on the adventure of a lifetime!
Mount Kenya Hiking
Mount Meru Trekking
Tanzania Safari Holiday Tour
 
Silverback Gorilla Tracking in Uganda
Gorilla Tracking Uganda: (chipanzee)One of the most awe inspiring experiences

Rwanda Gorilla Treks

Africa Top Safari Activities
African Safaris
African Safari Holidays: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Masai Mara, Amboseli, Samburu, Ngorongoro, Serengeti, Lake Manyara, Lake Nakuru, Tsavo and more...
 
Nairobi Short Excursions
Mombasa Beach Holiday
Zanzibar Beach Vacation Holiday
Kenya Safari Offers / Joining
Popular Short Safari in Kenya
3 Days Masai Mara Lodge Safari
3 Days Samburu Lodge Safari
3 Days Amboseli Lodge Safari
4 Days safari from mombasa/ Tsavo/ Amboseli
4 Days Masai Mara / Lake Nakuru
5 Days Masai Mara Wildebeest Migration
Mount Kenya Climbing Safari


Montane forest
The montane forest around Mount Kenya is full of a variety of species The lower limit of the forest is between 2,000 and 2,500 m (6,550-8,200 ft). Here again, there are differences in the vegetation on different aspects of the mountain. On the south-east slopes the dominant species is Ocotea usambarensis, which can grow up to 45 m (150 ft). Mosses, lichens and ferns also grow here.

On the northern slopes the dominant species is the East African juniper Juniperus procera.[2] This can be over 30 m (100 ft) tall and is used as softwood timber. Also used as timber is Podo, Podocarpus milanjianus, which can grow to 45 m (150 ft).[2] The African Olive Olea africana is common in drier forest and at lower elevations. Schefflera is similar to strangler figs, where it starts as an epiphyte and kills the host tree. Common shrubs are elderberry Sambucus africanus, and raspberry. Herbs are common in the forest. Most common are clover (Trifolium), Shamrock pea (Parochetus communis), sunflecks (Guizotia reptans), orchids (Impatiens spp.), mints (Leonotis spp.and Plectranthus spp.) and stinging nettles (Urtica massaica).

Many species of animals live in the montane forest. Some are residents, and others visit from the surrounding land. Various species of monkeys, several antelopes, tree hyrax and some larger animals such as elephant and buffalo all live in the forest. Zebra are only found on the northern slopes, where the forest belt is narrowest. Some rare species, such as the giant forest hog, suni, and mountain bongo are found here. Predators include hyena and leopard, and occasionally lion. Many bird species are also found here, including turacos, francolins and hornbills. Various types of sunbirds, parrots, swallows and mountain buzzards are common. At the Met Station, on the Naro Moru route, the Green ibis (Mesembrinibis cayennensis) and Abyssinian ground-thrush are found, both of which are rare. Also on the Naro Moru route buffalo have been observed digging the soil with their horns and eating it. This is probably because of the iron in the soil, which is necessary for adaptation to altitude.

Bamboo zone
The bamboo suppresses other vegetation growth, roads allow other species to populate. The bamboo suppresses other vegetation growth, roads allow other species to populate.

The bamboo zone is found in the middle of the forest zone. It is entirely natural, and not the result of deforestation. Bamboo is very dependent on rainfall. For this reason it is very sparse in the north, and in some places absent entirely. In the west the bamboo can grow up to 9 m (30 ft), and in the wetter south-eastern slopes it can grow as high as 15 m (50 ft). Bamboo suppresses other vegetation, but there are scattered trees in this zone, including juniper, podocarpus, and witch-hazel, plus varieties of flowers, ferns and mosses.

As bamboo is not palatable to most animals, there is very little resident fauna here. However, there are many tracks through the bamboo made by large animals such as buffalo and elephant on their way between the forests and the moorland higher up the mountain.

Timberline forest
Mosses are common in the timberline forest
The timberline forest is usually found between 3,000 and 3,500 m (9,850-11,500 ft), although it extends to lower altitudes on the drier slopes.Smaller trees dominate in the timberline forest, and the characteristic trees are African rosewood (Hagenia abyssinica) and Giant St John's Wort (Hypericum). The common flowers are red-hot poker (Kniphofia thomsonii), giant forest lobelia (Lobelia bambuseti) and violets (Viola spp.). Red-hot pokers are some of the flowers found in timberline forest and lower heathland zones
Red-hot pokers are some of the flowers found in timberline forest and lower heathland zones

Heathland and chaparral

Heathland and chaparral are found between 3,200 and 3,800 m (10,500-12,500 ft). Heathland is found in the wetter areas, and chaparral is found in the drier ones. Most of the plants in these areas are shrubs with small leaves. The dominant plants in the heathland areas are Erica, which can grow to over 10 m tall. In chaparral the plants are often shrubbier and more aromatic, such as African sage (Artemisia afra) and sugarbush (Protea kilimanjaro). Herbs found in the heathland and chaparral zone are gentians (Swertia spp.) and sedges (Carex spp.), with alpine species living higher up in the zone.

Animals in this zone are a mixture of forest and alpine species. There are few resident large animals in this zone, but rats, mice and voles live at this altitude, and their predators, the eagles, buzzards and kites, are present.[2] Herds of eland are sometimes found, and occasional lions, but there are no longer rhino on Mount Kenya.

Afro-alpine zone
Giant groundsels in the Mackinder Valley
Giant groundsels in the Mackinder Valley

The Afro-alpine zone starts at about 3,800 m (12,500 ft). It is characterised by thin dry air and a huge temperature fluctuation.
The inflorescence of Lobelia telekii can grow up to 3 m (10 ft) tall
The inflorescence of Lobelia telekii can grow up to 3 m (10 ft) tall

Plants are subject to solifluction, where needle-ice is produced every night. This ice uproots seedlings and can damage roots. Some plants have evolved to live without roots, such as lichens and moss-balls. Giant groundsel (Senecio keniodendron) and Lobelia keniensis have spongy areas between the cells in their leaves where water can freeze every night without damaging the plants.[29] When these plants are subjected to temperatures above 15°C (59°F), photosynthesis is considerably reduced.[28]

Vegetation becomes more sparse at this altitude, with small and giant heathers being dominant. Some, the Philippias, can grow as high as 10 m (33 ft). The dominant plant in the Afro-alpine zone on Mount Kenya is the tussock grass Festuca pilgeri[30]

There are three kinds of giant rosette plants; Carduus, Senecio and Lobelia. Carduus keniensis, the giant thistle, is endemic to Mount Kenya and the Aberdares. Giant groundsels, Senecio spp. (or "Dendrosenecio"), are only found on East African mountains. They have leaves up to 1 m (3 ft) long, and some species have arborescent (treelike) stems.

Senecio keniodendron is endemic to Mount Kenya. It is a giant rosette plant, and can grow up to 6 m (20 ft) tall. It tends to grow in dense groups of even-sized plants, and flowers every 5-20 years, often in synchrony across the population.

Two species, Senecio keniodendron and Senecio keniensis are separated by altitude and topography. S. keniodendron occurs more frequently with increasing elevation above 3,900 m (12,800 ft) and up to 4,500 m (14,750 ft),[31] whereas S. keniensis occurs mainly below 4,000 m (13,000 ft) and very rarely above 4,200 m (13,750 ft). At intermediate elevations, S. brassica occurs mainly on the wetter valley bottoms, and S. keniodendron mostly on the drier slopes. Where the two species come in close proximity, hybrids are not uncommon.

Also present are Carex monostachya, Agrostis trachyphylla, Carduus platyplyllus, Arabis alpina, Senecio keniophytum and Lobelia telekii.
There are giant grass tussocks - Festuca pilgeri in wetter areas and Pentaschistis minor in drier areas.

Senecio keniensis, Lobelia keniensis and tussock grasses are dominant in the wetter areas. The Alchemilla species A. cyclophylla, A. argyrophylla and A. johnstonii are dominant in the drier areas. Giant lobelias grow as sessile rosettes up to 50cm across, but produce inflorescences to 3 m (10 ft) tall. Tussock grass grows alongside the lobelias. Giant lobelias grow as sessile rosettes up to 50cm across, but produce inflorescences to 3 m (10 ft) tall. Tussock grass grows alongside the lobelias.

There are over 100 species of wildflowers in the Afro-alpine zone including everlastings (Helichrysum spp.), buttercups (Ranunculus orephytes), sunburst (Haplocarpha rupellii) and African gladiola (Gladiolus thomsoni). Because of variation in flowering times, some species are in flower at all times of year.

On the alpine slopes there are plenty of birds. Many species of sunbirds live here, as well as alpine chats, starlings, wagtails and birds of prey such as auger buzzard, lammergeier, Mackinders's eagle owl, and Verreaux's eagle (which specializes on hunting rock hyrax). Birds pollinate Lobelia species.

There are also butterflies, but there are not bees, wasps, fleas or mosquitoes. Trout have been introduced to the streams and tarns and are now found all around the mountain.

Smaller mammal species live in the Afro-alpine zone, including the groove-toothed rat, giant mole-rats, various African dormice and rock hyrax. Few large mammals are found at this altitude. Eland and zebra are found in dry areas, and common duiker are found throughout the alpine zone. Buffalo, elephant and hyena are also visitors.

The only common large mammalian carnivore in the Afro-alpine zone is the leopard, although leopard, lion and hyena have all been seen on Point Lenana.

The Nival zone
Plants in the nival zone are scarce. They must be small to withstand the climate.
Plants in the nival zone are scarce. They must be small to withstand the climate.

The nival zone is the area above most vegetation. On Mount Kenya this area is usually above 4,500 m (14,750 ft). There are still scattered giant groundsels, Helichrysum and Lobelia, as well as a few other plant species. Buffalo, elephant, leopard and hyena have all been seen in this zone, although very infrequently

Walking Routes up Mount Kenya
There are eight walking routes up to the main peaks. Starting clockwise from the north these are the: Meru, Chogoria, Kamweti, Naro Moru, Burguret, Sirimon and Timau Routes. Of these Chogoria, Naro Moru and Sirimon and used most frequently and therefore have staffed gates. The other routes require special permission from the Kenya Wildlife Service to use.